THE MODERATING IMPACT OF GENDER DISCRIMINATION BETWEEN WOMEN ENTREPRENEURIAL ORIENTATION AND VENTURE PERFORMANCE

SALIMA  HAFEEZ; DR. MUHAMMAD  WAQAS RAJA; TAYYEBAH SEHAR; RASHID MEHMOOD

doi:10.61506/

Authors

SALIMA HAFEEZ PhD Scholar, IQRA University, Islamabad, & Lecturer, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan Author
DR. MUHAMMAD WAQAS RAJA Assistant Professor, Business Administration, IQRA University, Islamabad, Pakistan Author
TAYYEBAH SEHAR PhD Scholar, IQRA University, Islamabad, Pakistan Author
RASHID MEHMOOD Director, National Metrology Institute of Pakistan (NMIP), Ministry of Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.61506/

Keywords:

: Glass ceiling, Entrepreneurial activities, Gender discrimination

Abstract

This research investigates how women's entrepreneurial orientation relates to venture performance in Pakistan, considering the influence of the glass ceiling and gender discrimination. The study examines how the glass ceiling mediates this relationship, representing hidden barriers to women's career advancement. Additionally, it explores how gender discrimination moderates the links between women's entrepreneurial orientation, the glass ceiling, and venture performance. The study adopts a quantitative approach and uses a survey method to collect data from 414 women entrepreneurs in different sectors and regions of Pakistan. The data are analyzed using structural equation modeling with Smart PLS software.

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THE MODERATING IMPACT OF GENDER DISCRIMINATION BETWEEN WOMEN ENTREPRENEURIAL ORIENTATION AND VENTURE PERFORMANCE

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