Urban Morphology and Green Spaces Changes in Model Town, The Oldest Settlement of Lahore, Using Satellite Data
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61506/01.00320Keywords:
Urbanization, Land Surface Temperature (LST), Normalized Difference Built-up Index, Green Space ReductionAbstract
Amidst the rapid urban expansion transforming cities worldwide, this study explores three decades (1990-2021) of urban expansion in Model Town, Lahore, revealing how rapid development has affected Land Surface Temperature (LST) and green spaces in this historically unique Model town. Utilizing Landsat 5 TM and Landsat 8 OLI satellite imagery, we calculated the Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI) and applied an index-based classification technique to quantify changes in built-up and non-built-up land. The results reveal a substantial increase in built-up area from 2.667 km² to 4.969 km² in Model Town, and from 455.45 km² to 807.40 km² in Lahore. Concurrently, the mean LST rose from 27.49℃ to 30.62℃ in Model Town, and from 25.72℃ to 29.17℃ in Lahore, indicating a steady increase over the study period. Additionally, vegetative cover decreased significantly, with a 13.82% reduction in Lahore and a 128.47% reduction in Model Town. These findings underscore the critical need for sustainable urban planning to manage the adverse effects of rapid urbanization on temperature and green spaces.
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