Impact of Human Capital on Economic Growth: A Case of SAARC Countries
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61506/01.00081Keywords:
Economic Growth, Human Capital, SAARC countries, Labour Force, inflationAbstract
The study intends to examine the influence of human capital on the 10-year economic growth of SAARC nations. It comprises of one explained, three explanatory and two control variables. A panel data regression, fixed effect, random effect model and hausman specification tests were applied in the study. Econometrics findings found that labor force has significant impact on GDP/capita of SAARC countries whereas government spending on education and primary school enrollment had no discernible effects on economic growth. The results of our research offer guidance on how the national government can invest on human capital to promote economic growth.
References
Acemoglu, D. (2012). Introduction to Economic Growth. Journal of Economic Theory, 545-550. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jet.2012.01.023
Ahmed, A. (2021). Pakistan has second highest household expenditure on education in South Asia at 57pc: report. Dawn Newspaper.
Ali, A., & Rehman, H. U. (2015). Macroeconomic instability and its impact on the gross domestic product: an empirical analysis of Pakistan. Pakistan Economic and Social Review, 285-316.
Bank, W. (2021). Shifting Gears: Digitization and Services-Led Development. Washington DC: World Bank Group.
Becker, G. S. (1994). Human Capital: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis with Special Reference to Education. The University of Chicago Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226041223.001.0001
Bhattarai, K. (2016). Economic Growth and Development in India and SAARC Countries. University of Hull, 37.
Campbell, H. (2009). Measuring the Contributions of Education to Labour Productivity in a Developing Country. International Journal of Education Economics and Development, 156-65. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1504/IJEED.2009.029306
Ding, X., Huang, Y., Gao, W., & Min, W. (2021). A Comparative Study of the Impacts of Human Capital and Physical Capital on Building Sustainable Economies at Different Stages of Economic Development. Energies, 14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/en14196259
Friedman, M. (1977). Inflation and Unemployment. Journal of Political Economy, 451-472. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/260579
Global Education Monitoring Report Team. (2021). Global education monitoring report summary, 2021/2: Non-state actors in education: Who chooses? Who loses? Paris: UNESCO.
H. (2013). Measuring Industry Level Employment, Output and Labour Productivity in the Chinese Economy, 1987-2008. Economic Review, 42-61.
Haider, A., & Ali, A. (2015). Socio-economic determinants of crimes: a cross-sectional study of Punjab districts. International Journal of Economics and Empirical Research, 3(11), 550-560.
IMF. (2021). How the IMF Promotes Global Economic Stability.
Kazmi, S. M., Ali, K., & Ali, G. (2017). Impact of Human Capital on Economic Growth: Evidence from Pakistan. SDPI Working Papers, 15.
Khan, R., & Chaudhry, I. S. (2019). Impact of Human Capital on Employment and Economic Growth in Developing Countries. Review of Economics and Development Studies, 487- 496. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26710/reads.v5i3.701
Khatoon, R., Javed, I., & Hayat, M. M. (2021). Impact of Human Capital on Economic Growth: A Case Study of Pakistan. Journal of Social Sciences Advancement, 64-69. DOI: https://doi.org/10.52223/JSSA21-020202-15
Kostakis, L. (2014). Public Investments, Human Capital, and Political Stability: The Triptych of Economic Success. Economics Research International, 1-20. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/709863
Marc, A., & Ali, A. (2023). Public Policy and Economic Misery Nexus: A Comparative Analysis of Developed and Developing World. International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, 13(3), 56. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32479/ijefi.13720
Marc, A., Ali, A., & Hamadeh, H. F. (2022). Nexus Among Innovations, Financial Development and Economic Growth in Developing Countries. Journal of Applied Economic Sciences, 17(4). DOI: https://doi.org/10.57017/jaes.v17.4(78).09
Mehmood, A. Siddique, H. M. A., and Ali, A. (2022). Impact of Health on Worker Productivity: Evidence from South Asia. Bulletin of Business and Economics, 11(2), 1-8.
Munir, K., & Shahid, F. S. (2021). Role of demographic factors in economic growth of South Asian countries. Journal of Economic Studies, 557-570. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JES-08-2019-0373
Ogura, K. (2009). Long Working Hours in Japan: An International Comparison and Research Topics. Japanese Economy, 23-45. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2753/JES1097-203X360202
Peterson, E. W. (2017). The Role of Population in Economic Growth. Agricultural Economics, 1- 15.
Pickett, J. (1973). Population, Labour Force, and Economic Growth. The Journal of Modern African Studies, 591-609. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022278X00008764
Sajid, A. & Ali, A. (2018). Inclusive Growth and Macroeconomic Situations in South Asia: An Empirical Analysis. Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), 7(3), 97-109.
Schultz, T. W. (1961). Investment in Human Capital. The American Economic Review, 1-17. Wu,
Senturk, İ., & Ali, A. (2021). Socioeconomic Determinants of Gender Specific Life Expectancy in Turkey: A Time Series Analysis. Sosyoekonomi, 29(49), 85-111. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17233/sosyoekonomi.2021.03.05
Zulu, J. J., & Banda, B. M. (2015). The Impact of Labour Productivity on Economic Growth: The Case of Mauritius and South Africa. Southern African Journal of Policy and Development, 17.