Workplace Discrimination and Strain Theory: A Case of District Okara Police Force
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61506/01.00119Keywords:
Workplace discrimination, Strain Theory, District Okara, Police ForceAbstract
This study investigates the impact of workplace discrimination on gender job satisfaction, with a particular focus on police officers in District Okara including DepalPur, Renala Khurd, and Okara. Additionally, we examine how work environment, police culture, thread, and harassment contribute to gender job satisfaction and the adoption of strain theory. The research is based on a sample of 440 District Okara police officers, and primary data was collected through a questionnaire survey. Descriptive statistics, Correlation Coefficient, regression analysis, F-test, multivariate Generalized Linear Model (GLM), and two-way ANOVA were employed for data analysis using SPSS and R software. Minitab, Amos used for graphical representation. The study aims to shed light on the relationship between workplace discrimination and gender job satisfaction among District Okara police officers, especially considering the experiences of female officers. It was observed that both female and male officers face workplace discrimination. Notably, female officers exhibited higher levels of job dissatisfaction compared to their male counterparts. These findings are crucial for promoting gender equality and creating a supportive work environment in the District Okara police force.
References
Ahmad, R., & Islam, T. (2019). Does work and family imbalance impact the satisfaction of police force employees? A “net or a web” model. Policing: An International Journal, 42(4), 585-597. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/PIJPSM-05-2018-0061
Aken, B. L., Achuthan, P., Akanni, W., Amode, M. R., Bernsdorff, F., Bhai, J., ... & Flicek, P. (2017). Ensembl 2017. Nucleic acids research, 45(D1), D635-D642. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkw1104
Bishopp, S. A., & Boots, D. P. (2014). General strain theory, exposure to violence, and suicide ideation among police officers: A gendered approach. Journal of Criminal Justice, 42(6), 538-548. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2014.09.007
Chen, Z. (2018). Job satisfaction among frontline police officers in China: The role of demographic, work-related, organizational and social factors. Psychology, Crime & Law, 24(9), 895-914. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1068316X.2018.1442835
Dhanani, L. Y., Beus, J. M., & Joseph, D. L. (2018). Workplace discrimination: A meta‐analytic extension, critique, and future research agenda. Personnel Psychology, 71(2), 147-179. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/peps.12254
El Sayed, S. A., Sanford, S. M., & Kerley, K. R. (2019). Understanding workplace stress among federal law enforcement officers. American journal of criminal justice, 44, 409-429. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12103-019-09474-8
Kira, A. R., & He, Z. (2012). The impact of firm characteristics in access of financing by small and medium-sized enterprises in Tanzania. International Journal of Business and management, 7(24), 108. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v7n24p108
Mayastinasari, V. (2023). Performance of Police Members: How The Role of Motivation, Competency and Compensation?. Journal of Industrial Engineering & Management Research, 4(1), 17-28.
McBride, B., Goldenberg, S. M., Murphy, A., Wu, S., Mo, M., Shannon, K., & Krüsi, A. (2022). Protection or police harassment? Impacts of punitive policing, discrimination, and racial profiling under end-demand laws among im/migrant sex workers in Metro Vancouver. SSM-Qualitative research in health, 2, 100048. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmqr.2022.100048
Moss, P. (2022). The T cell immune response against SARS-CoV-2. Nature immunology, 23(2), 186-193. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41590-021-01122-w
Nguyen, C. T., Saputra, Y. M., Van Huynh, N., Nguyen, N. T., Khoa, T. V., Tuan, B. M., ... & Ottersten, B. (2020). A comprehensive survey of enabling and emerging technologies for social distancing—Part I: Fundamentals and enabling technologies. Ieee Access, 8, 153479-153507. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3018140
Prasanty, N., Husada, M. S., Effendy, E., & Simbolon, M. J. (2018). Work-related psychological distress and social dysfunction in Nurses at Haji Hospital Medan-Indonesia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15562/bmj.v7i2.922
Roscigno, V. J. (2019). Discrimination, sexual harassment, and the impact of workplace power. Socius, 5, 2378023119853894.
Roscigno, V. J. (2019). Discrimination, sexual harassment, and the impact of workplace power. Socius, 5, 2378023119853894. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/2378023119853894
Sakhnini, S., & Blonder, R. (2016). Nanotechnology applications as a context for teaching the essential concepts of NST. International Journal of Science Education, 38(3), 521-538. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09500693.2016.1152518
Takahashi, K., Takao, Y., & Ando, A. (2016). Modifications of plasma density profile and thrust by neutral injection in a helicon plasma thruster. Applied Physics Letters, 109(19). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4967193